Selected year snapshot
For 2025, the active event in this file is Copyright Act 2019 (Act No. 17 of 2019, as amended by the Revised Written Laws Act 2021).
100%
Current rationale
As of 2025, the Copyright Act 2019 (as amended by the Revised Written Laws Act 2021) remains in force. Section 21 provides fair dealing for research or study, open to any user, any work, and covering any dealing (i.e., any exclusive right, not limited to reproduction). The term 'research or study' is not qualified by 'private' or 'personal.' This is the most permissive research-relevant exception in the law. Additional exceptions exist for reproduction for research (Section 22), library reproduction (Sections 23-24), and educational copying (Section 25), but Section 21 is the broadest. No TDM-specific exception exists. Classification-neutral factors (fairness factors, non-commercial purpose considerations) were not factored into the color decision. GREEN is appropriate because the exception covers all three dimensions: uses (any dealing), works (any work), and users (any user).
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research or study — open to any user, any work, any dealing
Reproduction for purposes of research or study — specific quantity limits for what constitutes fair dealing (reasonable portion; whole article from periodical)
Reproduction by libraries or archives for users for research or study
Reproduction by libraries or archives for other libraries or archives
Copying by educational institutions for educational purposes
Law changes
Custom and Adopted Laws Act 1971 (Act No. 11 of 1971)
Baseline · Effective 1990-01-01
?
Dates: Effective 1990-01-01 · Enacted 1971-11-23
Why this score
Nauru gained independence in 1968. The Custom and Adopted Laws Act 1971 provided that the common law of England and the statutes of general application in force in England on 31 January 1968 applied in Nauru insofar as applicable. This would have included the UK Copyright Act 1956 as the statute of general application in force at that date. However, I was unable to retrieve and verify the actual text of the UK Copyright Act 1956 as applied in Nauru, nor confirm the precise exceptions and limitations that would have been operative in Nauru's legal context on 1990-01-01. The UK Copyright Act 1956 contained fair dealing provisions for research and private study (Section 6), but I cannot verify the exact text as applied in Nauru or whether any local modifications existed. Given the inability to verify the actual statutory text in force in Nauru on 1990-01-01, AMBIGUOUS is appropriate.
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work for purposes of research or private study — adopted via Custom and Adopted Laws Act 1971 but text not verified in Nauru context
Source links
Copyright Act 2019 (Act No. 17 of 2019)
Relevant update · Effective 2019-01-01
100%
Relevant section: Section 21, Section 22, Section 23, Section 24, Section 25
Dates: Effective 2019-01-01 · Enacted 2019-01-01
Why this score
Section 21 of the Copyright Act 2019 provides a fair dealing exception for 'research or study' that is open to any user (not restricted to individuals or institutions), covers any type of work, and uses the term 'dealing' which covers any exclusive right (not limited to reproduction). The exception is not qualified by 'private' or 'personal' — it says 'research or study' without such limitation. This is a classic fair dealing provision modeled on Australian copyright law. Additionally, Section 22 provides for reproduction for research or study with specific quantity guidelines, Section 23 covers reproduction by libraries for users, Section 24 covers reproduction by libraries for other libraries, and Section 25 covers copying by educational institutions. The most permissive exception is Section 21 fair dealing for research or study, which covers all uses, all works, and all users. Classification-neutral factors (the fairness factors in subsection (2)) do not affect the color. GREEN is appropriate.
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research or study — open to any user, any work, any dealing (any exclusive right)
Reproduction for purposes of research or study — specific quantity limits (reasonable portion or, for articles in periodicals, the whole article)
Reproduction by libraries or archives for users for research or study purposes
Reproduction by libraries or archives for other libraries or archives
Copying by educational institutions for educational purposes
Original text
21. Fair dealing (1) A fair dealing with a work for the purposes of— (a) research or study; or (b) criticism or review; or (c) parody or satire; or (d) reporting news; does not constitute an infringement of copyright in the work. (2) In determining whether a dealing with a work constitutes a fair dealing, the matters to which regard must be had include— (a) the purpose and character of the dealing; (b) the nature of the work; (c) the possibility of obtaining the work within a reasonable time at an ordinary commercial price; (d) the effect of the dealing on the potential market for, or value of, the work; and (e) in a case where only part of the work is dealt with—the amount and substantiality of the part dealt with in relation to the whole work.
Source links
Copyright Act 2019 (Act No. 17 of 2019, as amended by the Revised Written Laws Act 2021)
Current law confirmation · Effective 2025-01-01
100%
Relevant section: Section 21
Dates: Effective 2025-01-01
Why this score
As of 2025, the Copyright Act 2019 (as amended by the Revised Written Laws Act 2021) remains in force. Section 21 provides fair dealing for research or study, open to any user, any work, and covering any dealing (i.e., any exclusive right, not limited to reproduction). The term 'research or study' is not qualified by 'private' or 'personal.' This is the most permissive research-relevant exception in the law. Additional exceptions exist for reproduction for research (Section 22), library reproduction (Sections 23-24), and educational copying (Section 25), but Section 21 is the broadest. No TDM-specific exception exists. Classification-neutral factors (fairness factors, non-commercial purpose considerations) were not factored into the color decision. GREEN is appropriate because the exception covers all three dimensions: uses (any dealing), works (any work), and users (any user).
Exceptions considered
Fair dealing with a work for the purposes of research or study — open to any user, any work, any dealing
Reproduction for purposes of research or study — specific quantity limits for what constitutes fair dealing (reasonable portion; whole article from periodical)
Reproduction by libraries or archives for users for research or study
Reproduction by libraries or archives for other libraries or archives
Copying by educational institutions for educational purposes
Original text
21. Fair dealing (1) A fair dealing with a work for the purposes of— (a) research or study; or (b) criticism or review; or (c) parody or satire; or (d) reporting news; does not constitute an infringement of copyright in the work. (2) In determining whether a dealing with a work constitutes a fair dealing, the matters to which regard must be had include— (a) the purpose and character of the dealing; (b) the nature of the work; (c) the possibility of obtaining the work within a reasonable time at an ordinary commercial price; (d) the effect of the dealing on the potential market for, or value of, the work; and (e) in a case where only part of the work is dealt with—the amount and substantiality of the part dealt with in relation to the whole work.